Cyanide: how should it be handled?

Cyanide Handling
A variety of treatment methods exist for cyanide-containing wastewater, including alkali chlorination, acidification recovery, sulfur dioxide-air oxidation, electrochemical methods, activated carbon adsorption catalytic oxidation methods, peroxide oxidation methods, ferrous sulfide oxidation methods, biochemical methods, Ion Exchange methods, natural purification methods, ozone oxidation methods, emulsion liquid membrane methods, and pressurized hydrolysis methods. Below is a summary of the main treatment methods for cyanide and cyanide tailings.
1 Chemical treatment
1.1 Alkali chlorination method
The alkali chlorination method is used to treat high concentrations of cyanide, the treatment effect is very remarkable, and the equipment is very easy to use. It is possible to achieve good results whether the process is conducted in small batches or on a large scale. As a result of this method, enterprises and institutions have achieved very good results in the treatment of waste cyanide.
The reaction principle is: under alkaline conditions, use bleaching powder [the main component is calcium hypochlorite Ca(ClO) 2] to oxidize CN- in the solution to extremely weakly toxic CNO-, and CNO- is further oxidized to become non-toxic of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. Its reaction formula is:
ClO- + CN- + H2O → ClCN + 2OH-
ClCN + 2OH → NCO-+ Cl- + H2O
2NCO- + 3ClO- + H2O → 3Cl- + N2↑+ 2CO2↑+ 2OH-
First, dissolve sodium hydroxide in water, then adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to 11-12, and then add the waste cyanide to the adjusted pH solution, stirring gently to dissolve it completely. In order to facilitate the reaction, continue stirring gently after adding industrial bleaching powder. During the reaction, cyanide is first oxidized to cyanate, and the toxicity of cyanate is only 1‰ of that of cyanide. The cyanate continues to oxidize, and finally completely oxidizes to carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
1.2
2 Biological treatment
Microbial degradation of cyanide involves four main biochemical processes: hydrolysis, oxidation, reduction, and substitution. Among them, hydrolysis and oxidation are the most common.
Is Mining With Cyanide Chemicals Safe?
Like any commercial chemical, sodium cyanide and other mining chemicals are as safe as their handling process. The amount of sodium cyanide needed for gold processing is minimal, and the material is not combustible on its own. Those handling cyanide bricks or solutions should always wear masks to protect against airborne dust or gasses containing trace amounts.
The most important criteria in determining whether the use of cyanide for mining is safe is the condition of the processing facility itself. Are materials clearly labeled and separated based on hazard class? Are staff properly trained on handling and usage of the chemicals? Are proper protocol in place that instill checks and balances at every level? When conditions are met, cyanide can be a very safe commercial chemical to utilize.
DASENMINING supplies sodium cyanide to mining operations around the country. We understand the implications of handling hazardous materials and take great care to provide our clients with the best quality materials available.
Contact one of our on-staff scientists here today to find out how NaCN might be a good fit for your operation.

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